Invasion of Chinhiz Khan to Central Asia Prominent people of Uzbekistan
By the beginning of the 13th century from the tribes Hi and Tibet there was founded a feudal empire with Chingizkhan in head. By that time Chingizkhan, obsessed by the idea of conquering the world, having united numerous tribes of Mongols, begins his invasion to Central Asia.
In his first campaign (till 1218) Mongolian troops headed by Chingizkhan's elder son Juchi conquered "forest peoples" lived on the bank of the Yenisey River.
Uigurs submitted to Chingizkhan's authority, too. The general Khibulai joined the northern part of the Seven-River Valley. Chingizkhan himself made a campaign against the northern China and occupied Chzhunda (Peking) that was then the capital of Tzin State.
In 1218 Chingizkhan starts a campaign against Kara-Chinese and Khorezm emperors. In 1218-1219 years the host of Mongols under the command of the Chingizkhan's general Jebe occupied Kara-China (Seven-River Valley and East Turkestan).
In September 1219 Chingizkhan came up to Otrar where he divided his army to the three parts: one part of the troops under the command of his sons - Uktai (Ugadey) and Chgatai to siege Otrar; another part was given to Juchi and sent in the direction of Jend for the seizure of the towns on the bank of the Syr-Darya (Saikhun), and himself with his son Tuluy he headed for Bukhara. All of the three campaigns of the Chingizids1 ended with success.
After the conquest of Bukhara in April 1220 Chinghizkhan occupied Samarkand, then Khojend (Khujand) where made a short pause before the campaign in the direction of Qarshi steppe and Termez. After the sanguinary massacre in Qarshi and Termez, Chinghizkhan gets over the Amu-Darya and in 1221 captures the town Balkh. In the meantime his sons besieged the capital of the state of Khorezmshakhs Gurganj (Urgench). In the beginning of 1222 Chinghizkhan's son Tuluy conquers Khorasan and Merv. Thus, Chinghizkhan having conquered all the Central Asia, expanded his empire.
Later on, Chinghiz Khan divided his empire between his sons. The older son Juchi, before as far back as 1207, got the "Forest peoples" as a domain. Those nations inhabited a vast territory from the lower reaches of the Selenga River to the Irtish. By the time of Chinghizkhan's death (1227) those lands were joined by the territory inhabited by Kazakhs and Kirghizs and the northern part of Khorezm. Possessions of the second Chinghizkhan's son, Chagatai, stretched from Uigur land (East Turkestan) to Samarkand from the south part of Altai to the banks of the Amu-Darya. The horde main forces of Khan Uktai were situated in Turbagat. The junior son Tuluy according to the custom of nomads, possessed the main lands of his father. The Maverounahr formed a part of possessions of Chagatai, but actually was possessed by Khan Uktai (1229-1241) who assigned Chagatai and his family part of the incomes obtained from Maverounahr.
The break-down of the Mongol empire began early in the 15 century. Having freed Central Asia from the Mongol yoke, Tamerlane forms a new empire - the empire of his own.
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